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International Journal of Refugee Law Advance Access originally published online on January 15, 2009
International Journal of Refugee Law 2009 21(1):81-148; doi:10.1093/ijrl/een042
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© The Author (2009). Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Case Law

Asylum and Immigration Tribunal

AM & AM (armed conflict: ristk categories) Somalia CG [2008] UKAIT 00091

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

Before: Senior Immigration Judge Storey, Senior Immigration Judge P R Lane, Senior Immigration Judge Perkins

Between: AM, AM (Appellants) and Secretary of State for the Home Department (Respondent)

Representation:

For the Appellants: Mr R Toal of Counsel and Mr S Sayeed of Counsel, instructed by South Manchester Law Centre and Wilson & Co;

For the Respondent: Miss E Laing QC and Miss D Rhee, instructed by the Treasury Solicitor.

1. When considering the question of whether a person is eligible for refugee protection on the basis of exposure to armed conflict, Adan [1998] 2 WLR 703 does not permit decision makers to reject their claims per se.
2. A person may be able to succeed in a claim to protection based on poor socio-economic or dire humanitarian living conditions under the Refugee Convention or Article 15 of the Qualification Directive or Article 3, although to succeed . . . [Full Text of this Article]


   Determination and Reasons
 
The Appeals
Procedural History
Scope of the Appeals
Internal relocation
Safety of en route travel
The Background evidence
The UN arms embargo against Somalia
Evidence of Professor Chinkin
Our decision on the UN arms embargo issue
Protection Issues and Armed Conflict
Refugee Protection
Poor socio-economic conditions and refugee protection
Refugee Convention reason
Article 15(b) protection and Article 3 protection
Article 3 of the ECHR
The ECHR and situations of armed conflict
Article 3 and poor socio-economic and humanitarian conditions
Article 15(c)
Advocate General's Opinion in Elgafaji
Points of accord
Points of possible discord
OUR ASSESSMENT: General
Historic validity of HH
HH now
Armed Conflict
Geographical Scope of Armed Conflict
Intensity of the Violence
Deterioration in the Humanitarian Situation and IDPs
Conclusions
Clan Matrix and Loyalties
Minority clans and groupings
Sheikhal Logobe
Mogadishu
Jowhar
Internal relocation
Safety of en route travel from Mogadishu International airport
Roadblocks and Checkpoints in and around Mogadishu
Hammar Jahid
En route travel from Mogadishu airport to Jowhar and other locations
Jowhar
Refugee Convention reasons
OUR ASSESSMENT: AMI
OUR ASSESSMENT: AM2
Internal relocation

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